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Solved Exam Paper Of Computer Programming C/C++

DIT part 1st (2nd Term Exam 2013)

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Max Marks=50

Not:- Attempt any five question. All question carry equal marks:

Q1. State the structure of c/C++ program. (10)

Answer:
Basic structure of C/C++ program is:

pre-processor directives 
global declarations 
main( ) 
{ 
local variables to function main ; 
statements associated with function main ; 
}

Basically every c program consist on diffident function but must have a main function which is called main( ). Every function have a set of variables and some statements. Each function start with opening curly brackets { and end wit closing curly brackets. Every statements terminate with semicolon ( ; ). C is case sensitive, that is, it recognizes a lower case letter and it's upper case equivalent as being different.
The description of the major parts of c program are
Preprocessor Commands:
These commands tells the compiler to do preprocessing before doing actual compilation. For example #include is one of the preprocessor command which tells a C compiler to include stdio.h file.
Functions:
Each program have different function . Every C Program will have one or more functions but must have a function main( ) with its return data type.
Variables:
Every function have its own set of variable which store the numbers, string and other complex data for manipulation.
Statements & Expressions :
Every function have some statements which are the major instruction to computer to perform special task. Comments:
Every statement may be followed by some comments which store the additional information of the work .

Q2. a) What is C/ C++ data types? (03)

Answer:
Data type is a classification of the data that a variable or object can hold in computer programming. Data types are very important part of computer programming. C/C++ also have some predefine data types which can hold the languages, number , character and other values. User can also define its own data type which is called user define data type.
C and C++ have a number of basic data types. Each have specific uses and advantages, depending on the application. Generally in C language the data types divided into two major categories Integer types and Floating Point types.
Where Integer types consist on bool, char, short, int, long, and Floating Point types consist on float double and long double
(b) Explain the following: (07)
i) Bollen
ii) Chatacter
iii) Integer
Bollen: This allows store the two number o and 1. bollen data type only use in C++.
Char: This data type store the one character which can take place 1byte of the computer memory.
Integer : This data type can hold the number and take place the 2 to 4 byte of computer memory and can store
the value 32,768 to 32,767 or -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

Q3. (a) What do you means by character constant ? give some example? (5)

Answer:
Character Constant
Some time also called Single Character constant represent a single character which is enclosed in a pair of quotation symbols.
Example for character constants are

 '5' , 'x' , ';' , ' '

All character constants have an equivalent integer value which are called ASCII Values.
(b) What is string constant ? explain with example? (5)
Answer:
String Constants
A string constant is a set of characters enclosed in double quotation marks. The characters in a string constant sequence may be a alphabet, number, special character and blank space. Example of string constants are
"VISHAL" , "1234" , "God Bless" , "!.....?"

Q4. (a) Define and explain the variable ? (05)
(b) Define and explain the variable ? (05)

Answer:
A variable is a value that can change any time. In computer programming we say that variable are those memory location, which are used to store the constant value. The programmer should carefully choose a variable name so that its use is reflected in a useful way in the entire program. Variable names are case sensitive. Example of variable names are
Sun , number , Salary , Emp_name
average1
Any variable declared in a program should confirm to the following Rules:
1. They must always begin with a letter, although some systems permit underscore as the first character.
2. The length of a variable must not be more than 8 characters.
3. White space is not allowed and
4. A variable should not be a Keyword
5. It should not contain any special characters.

Q5. Write the purpose of the following function? (10) get( )
put( )
getch( )
putch( )
gets( )

Answer:
gets( ) function:
Gets reads a whole string until new line is encountered. When all input is finished (when enter key is pressed) a NULL character is append at the end of the string, which shows end of the string input.
Syntax:
gets (variable 1, variable2...) Where variable is any string type variable
puts () Function:
This function is used to print the string values on screen. When output of string is over, then a new line is inserted automatically.
Syntax:
puts(variable name or string constant)
getch () Function:
Getch stand for "Get character ". This function is used to get the single character From the user during the execution of program. When we input the character then its not display on the screen and control is transfer to next statement with out pressing enter key.
Syntax: getch () Function:
putch()
putch function is non formation function displays any alphanumeric characters to the standard output device. It displays only one character at a time.
 for example
 putch(variable_name);

Q6. State about output using cout and input using cin by giving one example  (10)

Answer:
Cout :-
cout is standard output stream. The << operator inserts the data that follows it into the stream that precedes it for example

cout<< "Output sentence"; // prints Output sentence on screen
cout<< 120; // prints number 120 on screen
cout<< x; // prints the value of x on screen 

cin:-
cin is standard input stream.In most program environments, the standard input by default is the keyboard, and the C++ stream object defined to access it is cin.
For formatted input operations, cin is used together with the extraction operator, which is written as >> (i.e., two "greater than" signs). This operator is then followed by the variable where the extracted data is stored. For example:
int age;
cin>> age;

A complete c++ program that explain both function is as below
#include 
#include 
void main (void)
{
int a;
cout<< "Please enter an integer value: ";
cin>> a;
cout<< "The value you entered is " << a;
getch();
}

Q7. (a) What is Do while loop. Explain with example (05)
(b) What is break statement? Give an example (05)

Answer:
Do While Loop:
The do while construct consists of a block of code and a condition. First, the code within the block is executed, and then the condition is evaluated. If the condition is true the code within the block is executed again. This repeats until the condition becomes false. Because do while loops check the condition after the block is executed, the control structure is often also known as a post-test loop. Contrast with the while loop, which tests the condition before the code within the block is executed.
The do while loops is similar to while loop, but the test occurs after the loop body is executed. This ensures that the loop body is run at least once.
Syntax: -

Do
{
statement 1 ;
statement 2 ;
statement 3 ;
}
Example:
Example: -

Main()
{
int x = 11 ;
do
{
printf(" %d \n", x);

} while (x <= 10) ; 
getch( );
}

We see as the value of x is greater then 10 in the start but printf statement executed one time and then condition is test which identify that x > 10 so return False and loop execution is terminated and control is transfer to next statement.

Answer part (b)

Break Statement:
When we want to jump out form the loop with out waiting to get back to test condition then we use Break statement.
Following program is best example to under stand the break statement.
Main ( ) 
{
int i ;
clrscr( );
for (I =0 ; I<=100 ; I++)
{
if (i==50 )
break ;
printf(? %d? , I) ;
}
getch() ;
}

We see that in this program we use for loop to display the number 1 to 100 . but using break statement before the printf statement stopped the loop when counter reached to 50 and loop is terminated.

Q8. (a) What does relational operator Do? List the diffirent Types? (05)
(b) Write a C++ program to print first ten numbers ? (05)

Relational Operators and its types: -
Relational operator is required to compare the relationship between operands (Constant/variable/expression) and bring out a decision. C supports the following relational operators.

< Less than 
<= Less than or equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
== Equal to
! = Not equal to

It is required to compare the marks of 2 students, salary of 2 persons; we can compare them using relational operators.
A simple relational expression contains only one relational operator and takes the following form.
exp1 relational operator exp2
Where exp1 and exp2 are expressions, which may be simple constants, variables or combination of them.
Given below is a list of examples of relational expressions and evaluated values.
6.5 <= 25 TRUE 
-65 > 0 FALSE 
10 < 7 + 5 TRUE 

(b) C++ program to print first ten numbers

#include 
#include 
void main (void)
{
inti;
for(i=1;i<=10;i++) 
cout<





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